How yield is calculated
HoriSol uses the NOAA solar position formula to compute, for every hour of the year, the exact sun position (azimuth + elevation) for your location.
How does the calculation work step by step?
- For each hour, check whether the sun is above the measured horizon profile — if not, the panel is shaded.
- From solar irradiance (direct + diffuse) the theoretical energy is computed.
- Shaded hours partially contribute via the diffuse component — even a shaded panel yields diffuse-light energy.
- The yearly sum is the expected yield in kilowatt-hours, reported with a ±10% confidence band.
Where does the solar data come from?
HoriSol pulls irradiance data from the best available source for your location:
- PVGIS (EU Joint Research Centre) for Europe and Africa
- NREL PVWatts for the USA
- NASA POWER as a global fallback when the primary source is unavailable
What assumptions does HoriSol make?
- System losses: a flat 18% (inverter, wiring, soiling, temperature)
- Electricity price, feed-in tariff, and CO₂ factor: configurable, with per-country defaults
- Deliberately conservative: the payback calculation ignores future electricity price increases, for example
All assumptions in detail — with formulas, sources, and limits: Methodology & Assumptions.